Function Block FB_FirstOrderDigitalFilter

Description

This FB is defined to filter an Analog signal.

In any control system with an analog feedback signal present there is the risk of unwanted noise and jitter that can compromise the signal integrity yielding a less the desirable system.

This Kollmorgen UDFBClosed"User Defined Function Block" UDFB can be used as a sub-function block in another program of the application. It is described using FBD, LD, ST or IL language. Input / output parameters of a UDFB (as well as private variables) are declared in the variable editor as local variables of the UDFB will provide a digital first order filter of an analog feedback signal from an LVDT, tension transducer, potentiometer, encoder, resolver, or some other like device. The amount of filtering is based on a gain value and can provide no filter to full filter conditioning.

The following figure shows the function block I/O

Figure 7-225: CBS First Order Digital Filter

Arguments

Inputs

EN

Description

Enables execution (FFLD only )

 

Data type

BOOL

 

Range

 

Unit

N/A

 

Default

 

AnalogInput

Description

Analog Input from transducer

 

Data type

INT

 

Range

 

Unit

N/A

 

Default

 

FilterGain

Description

Filter Gain

 

Data type

REAL

 

Range

[1 - 0.05]

 

Unit

N/A

 

Default

Outputs

OK

Description

Execution Complete

 

Data type

BOOL

 

Range

[0,1]

 

Unit

 

FilterOutput

Description

Filtered analog input value

 

Data type

REAL

 

Range

[0,1]

 

Unit

 

Usage

When using this UDFB, the Enable (EN) input should always be energized in order to provide the desired filtering.

  • The AnalogInput input is the unfiltered “raw” analog feedback signal from an LVDT, tension transducer, potentiometer, or some other like device.
  • The FilterGain defines the amount of filtering to be used. The range of the gain is from 1.0 or no filtering to 0.05 or the maximum filtering.
  • The FilterOutput is the filtered analog input and is typically used as an input to some other function block or UDFB that has an analog input, for example the MCFB_GearedWebTension UDFB.
  • The implementation of the digital first order filter is for PLCopenClosedA vendor -and product- independent worldwide association active in Industrial Control and aiming at standardizing PLC file formats based on XML.
  • The equation is defined as: Input*Gain+Output*(1-Gain) = Output
  • The steady state filter delay with a gain of 0.8 can be seen in the following table.
FilterGain FilterInput FilterOutput

0.8

0

0

 

100

80

 

100

96

 

100

99.2

 

100

99.84

 

100

99.968

 

100

99.9936

 

100

99.99872

 

100

99.999744

 

100

99.9999488

 

100

99.99998976

 

100

99.99999795

 

100

99.99999959

 

100

99.99999992

 

100

99.99999998

 

100

100

 

100

100

 

100

100

 

100

100

 

100

100

 

100

100

 

100

100

 

100

100

Table 7-51: Filter Input Delay Example

The range of the filter gain is between 1.00 and 0.05. From the table, for a filter gain of 0.8 there is a delay of 15 time constants with a time constant defined as the rate the UDFB is scanned or executed in the application. For example if the UDFB was executed every millisecond a gain of 0.8 would provide a filter delay of 15ms. Conversely a gain of 1.00 provides zero filtering and the output signal follows the input signal, and a gain of 0.05 provides the most filtering for 463 ms.

The numbers of filter delays for a steady state analog input at a given gain are shown in the table and graph below.

Gain

Filter Delay Tn

1.00

0

0.95

8

.90

11

.85

13

.80

15

.75

18

.70

20

.65

23

.60

26

.55

30

.50

35

.45

40

.40

47

.35

56

.30

66

.25

83

.20

107

.15

146

.10

226

.05

463

Of course a real world analog input is most always a varying feedback signal. In Table 2.3 this is shown with an initial input of 100, a gain of 0.8, and a random variability of 10%.Filter Input

Filter Input Filter Current Output Amount of Input Filtering Random Filter % Variation

0

0

0

10%

100

80

-20

 

97.38903813

93.9112305

-3.477807626

 

92.67638093

92.92335084

0.246969915

 

94.12988912

93.88858146

-0.241307655

 

103.0835564

101.2445614

-1.838994993

 

91.16845433

93.18367575

2.015221422

 

93.23936976

93.22823096

-0.011138803

 

94.90272089

94.56782291

-0.334897986

 

103.3070737

101.5592235

-1.747850153

 

96.83149418

97.77704005

0.945545867

 

96.35024002

96.63560002

0.285360007

 

99.82417525

99.1864602

-0.637715045

 

105.0792636

103.9007029

-1.178560685

 

97.36988208

98.67604626

1.306164172

 

107.82502

105.9952253

-1.829794752

 

97.7886524

99.42996698

1.641314572

 

108.2038024

106.4490353

-1.754767081

 

91.58527607

94.55802792

2.972751845

 

93.6783421

93.85427926

0.175937164

 

102.8695349

101.0664838

-1.803051129

 

93.95916817

95.3806313

1.421463121

 

108.6579707

106.0025028

-2.655467871

 

109.3425748

108.6745604

-0.668014397

 

103.9066

104.8601921

0.953592077

 

92.30112142

94.81293555

2.511814127

 

109.4460726

106.5194452

-2.926627416

 

94.88799896

97.21428821

2.326289251

 

105.4738635

103.8219484

-1.651915057

 

102.988167

103.1549233

0.166756284

 

92.92925408

94.97438792

2.045133846

 

95.58185568

95.46036213

-0.121493552

 

109.414248

106.6234708

-2.790777178

 

106.5661311

106.577599

0.011467953

 

99.85857253

101.2023778

1.343805301

 

107.865421

106.5328124

-1.332608643

 

92.19683177

95.0640279

2.867196126

 

104.8558146

102.8974573

-1.958357346

 

104.5140236

104.1907104

-0.323313268

 

104.3675014

104.3321432

-0.035358206

 

109.2704266

108.2827699

-0.987656683

 

101.4962729

102.8535723

1.35729941

 

92.19199163

94.32430776

2.132316128

 

99.13065312

98.16938405

-0.961269073

 

103.5068114

102.4393259

-1.067485466

 

109.502983

108.0902516

-1.412731426

 

99.05504822

100.8620889

1.80704068

 

94.97711299

96.15410817

1.176995182

 

107.1063597

104.9159094

-2.190450308

 

91.12245188

93.88114339

2.758691504

 

108.130314

105.2804799

-2.849834129

 

104.2923832

104.4900025

0.197619344

 

101.3775072

102.0000062

0.62249907

 

100.5303014

100.0399168

-0.490384645

Averages

Table 7-52: Filter Input Lag Example - Random Input

Example

Structured Text

//Filter analog input signal with a gain of 0.8 to remove noise
FilteredOutput:= Inst_FB_FirstOrderDigitalFilter( AnalogInput1Value, 0.8 );

Ladder Diagram

Function Block Diagram

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